They are Steroid and Triterpenoid (ecdysterone and beta-sitosterol);
Flavonoid and its' Glucoside (such as: rutin; quercetin and moracetin);
Coumarin and its' Glucoside (such as: scopoletin; hydroxycoumarin );
Volatile oil : Acetic acid; valeric acid and guaiacol etc.);
Amino acid and Peptide (glutamic acid, aspartic acid and glutathione)
Alkaloid : such as: adenine, choline and trigonelline;
Organic acid: Chlorogenic acid, fumaric acid, folic acid and hemolysin.
These active ingredients pharmacological function:
�Reduce blood sugar (hypoglycemic agent);
�Reduce blood pressur and blood fat (depressor);
�Anti-bacteria and virus (staphylococcus aureous; corynebacterium diphtheria);